Description

In adults, jaw deformity and a noticeable dislocation of the remaining teeth in the dentition occurs slowly (usually within a few years), and in children these processes occur much faster. Sometimes even special dentures are made for children, which replace missing molar or milk teeth, thanks to which it is possible to avoid deformation of the jaw and to save space for molar teeth.

Structurally, dentures are classified into removable or non-removable. Not removable dentures are fixed on the teeth. Such dentures replace missing teeth, do not cause a feeling of inconvenience, and the patient will soon get used to them. Such prostheses cannot be made if there is an insufficient amount of tooth tissue on which the prosthesis is fixed. Non-removable dentures include crowns (made from gold, stainless steel, plastics, porcelain, etc.), inserts (an insert made of metal, on which the crown is fixed, is cemented into the tooth canal) and bridge-like dentures. Disadvantages of non-removable dentures: the tooth needs to be filed, sometimes such dentures are not ideal from an aesthetic point of view, as the metal will be visible (usually with a prosthetic in gold or stainless steel). Removable dentures are inserted during the day and can be removed at night. The complete (total) plate, which is made if the patient has all the teeth missing, consists of a base on which artificial crowns are fixed; on the jaw and oral mucosa, such prostheses are fixed by means of a suction effect (pressing the prosthesis, a vacuum is formed between the oral mucosa and the base of the prosthesis). To the upper jaw, this type of prosthesis, are fixed well, but with the lower jaw there may be difficulties in stabilizing the prosthesis. Therefore, it is recommended to save at least one tooth in the lower jaw, so that it would be possible to make a partial partial lamina. Removable plate can be with a full base, if the plastic base of the prosthesis is bordered by the necks of the teeth, it is also possible to make an arcuate prosthesis, in which the base is partially composed of a metal arc. Arc-shaped prostheses are convenient - since they put less pressure on soft tissues, this makes it easier to get used to them; they are better from a biological point of view, since the base does not press on the periodontal tissue. In order to make such a prosthesis, some teeth must be saved, as chewing pressure will be distributed to them.

The lifespan of dentures depends on changes in the bony tissues of the jaw and the remaining teeth, general health and age, as well as on the time after extraction of the teeth. If the dental prosthesis is made immediately after the teeth are removed, after the dental nest has healed, with bone tissues, the shape of the jaw can change, the prosthesis can no longer be exact and as a result, the prosthesis needs to be adjusted or manufactured again. Usually, a denture is made 4-6 weeks after the extraction of the teeth. When removing the front teeth or because of a profession (teacher, actor), a temporary prosthesis is made immediately after the teeth are removed (early prosthetics). Such a temporary prosthesis does not replenish all physiological functions, they are intended mainly to improve aesthetics and after the first week it is necessary to replace with a new, more accurate permanent denture. Depending on the type, the denture lasts 5-6 years (a longer period is possible), after which the denture must be replaced. Children's dentures, which are usually temporary dentures: after half a year, a year or a little longer, they are reworked or after the appearance of molars, are no longer used.